Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Length
of Railways in Operation refers to the total length
of the trunk line for passenger and freight transportation (including both full
operation and temporary operation). The calculation is based on the actual
length of the first line if this line has a full or partial double (or more).
Not included are double tracks, station sidings, tracks under the charge of
stations, branch lines, special-purpose lines and non-payable connecting lines.
The length of railways in operation is an important indicator to show the
development of the infrastructure of railway transport. It is also essential
data to calculate volume of passenger freight transport, traffic density and
utilization efficiency of locomotives and carriages.
Length
of Electrified Railways refers to the length of the
section of railways in operation in which the power supply lines and other
equipment are installed for the running of electrified locomotives. The
proportion of the length of electrified railways to the total length of
railways in operation is an important indicator to show the modernization of
railways.
Length
of Automatic-blocking and Semi-automatic-blocking Railways Blocking is a spacing
technique by which a section of the railway only allows one train to pass at a
time with the aim of ensuring traffic safety. Length of automatic-blocking and
semi-automatic-blocking railways refers to length of railways installed with
equipment to perform automatic or manual blocking of trains.
Length
of Highways refers to the length of highways which
are built in conformity with the grades specified by the highway engineering
standard [Highways WTBZ-Technical Standard JTJ01-88] formulated by the Ministry
of Transport, and have been formally checked and accepted by the departments of
highways and put into use. The length of highways includes that of the suburb
highways at large and medium-sized cities, highways passing through streets at
small cities and towns, and also the length of bridges and ferry piers. It does
not include the length of streets in big and medium-sized cities and highways
built for the production purpose at factories, mines, forest areas and
agricultural areas. If two or more highways go the same section of the way, the
length of the section is only calculated for once and no duplication is
allowed. The length of highways is an indicator to show the development of the
scale of highway construction and to provide essential information to calculate
the transport network density.
Length
of Navigable Inland Waterways is an indicator reflecting the
size and development of inland water network. It refers to the length of the
natural rivers, lakes, reservoirs, canals, and ditches open to navigation
during a given period, which enables transportation by ships and rafts. It
includes the channels open to navigation for over an accumulated period of 3
months in a year, yet this does not include the river courses which are only
used to float odd logs and bamboo rafts. This indicator can reflect the scale,
level and development situation of the inland waterway network.
Length
of Civil Aviation Routes refers to the length of
all routes for civil aviation flights, which is used to account the freight,
during the period of statistics.. There are usually
two ways to calculate the route length: duplicated calculation and
non-duplicated calculateion, the former is the sum of
length of all civil aviation routes, and the latter should deduct the
duplication length of same route among all routes.
Length
of Oil (Gas) Pipelines is used as an indicator to show the development, scale and level of
the pipeline transportation. It refers to the actual transport distance of oil
(or gas) products, and is in general calculated according to the length of
single pipeline. If the length of the double pipelines and alternate pipeline
are included, it is called the extension length of the oil (gas) pipelines,
which indicates the actual length of the pipelines built. The commonly used
indicator, the “length of “oil (gas)” pipelines, does
not include the double pipelines. It can reflect the extent and level of
development of pipeline transport.
Freight
(Passenger) Traffic refers to the volume of freight (passenger) transported with various means
within a specific period of time. This indicator reflects the service of the
transport industry towards the national economy and people’s living conditions,
as well as an important indicator used in formulating and monitoring transport
production plans and research into the scale and pace of transport
development. Freight transport is
calculated in tons and passenger traffic is calculated in terms of number of
persons. Freight transport is calculated in terms of the actual weight of the
goods and takes no account of the type of freight and distance of travel.
Passenger traffic is calculated by the principle that one person can be counted
only once in one trip and takes no account of the travelling
distance and ticket price. The passengers who travel with a half price ticket
or a child’s ticket is also calculated as one person.
Freight
(Passenger) Traffic Density refers to the freight
(passenger) traffic volume carried by a particular means of transportation
during a given period through one kilometre of a
specific section of transportation route. The formula is as follows:
Freight (passenger) traffic density reflects
how busy freight (passenger) traffic is on transportation routes. It provides
an important basis for balancing transport capability and throughput capability,
planning construction and upgrading of transport routes, installing technical
facilities and studying the distribution of transport networks.
Freight
Ton-kilometres (Passenger-kilometres) refers to the sum of the product of the volume of transported cargo
(passengers) multiplied by the transport distance. It is an important indicator
to reflect the achievement of the transportation industry. This is an important
indicator to show the total results of the transport industry; to prepare and
examine the transport plan; and to serve as the main basic data for calculating
the efficiency, labour productivity and unit cost of
transport. Normally, the shortest distance between the departure station and
the destination station (i.e., the payable distance) is the basis in
calculating the freight ton-kilometres. The formula
is as follows:
Average
Static Load of Freight Cars refers to the average
cargo weight as loaded by each freight car under the static condition at the
departure station. It is used to show the utilization extent of the loading
capacity of the freight cars. The formula is:
The static load of freight cars is
determined by the nature and type of goods loaded the type of vehicles, and the
technique of loading. Comparison of the average marked load with the static
load of freight cars provides indication on the degree of utilization of
loading capacity of freight cars. For its calculation the following formula is
applied:
Average
Daily Haul of Freight Locomotives refers to the
average total ton-kilometres accomplished by each
freight transport locomotive over one day and night during a given period of
time. It includes both the weight of the goods carried and the dead weight of
the train itself. It is a comprehensive indicator reflecting the locomotive
efficiency in terms of both time and the pulling force.
Volume
of Freight Handled in Coastal Ports above Designated size refers to the volume of cargo passing in and out of the harbour area of the major coastal ports and having been
loaded and unloaded. The volume of freight handled may be classified by
direction of flow as freight for import and freight for export, or by nature of
cargo as freight for domestic trade and freight for foreign trade. The volume
of freight handled maybe classified by the classification of cargo, or the
current transport standard of The Classification and Code of Cargo Type.
Coastal ports refer to the ports, which are located at the edge of an ocean or
sea, and with some equipment and facility for ship anchoring, passenger
embarking/debarking, cargo loading/unloading, living material provideng, etc. .
Possession
of Civil Motor Vehicles refer to the total numbers
of vehicles that are registered and received vehicles license tags according to
the Work Standard for Motor Vehicles Registration formulated by the Transport
Management Office under the department of public security at the end of the
reference period. They are divided into categories. According to the structure of motor
vehicles, they are divided into passenger vehicles, trucks and others;
according to ownership into private vehicles and vehicles for the unit’s use;
according to kind of usage into working vehicles and non-working vehicles; and
according to size of vehicles into large passenger vehicles, medium-sized
passenger vehicles, small passenger vehicles and mini passenger vehicles, heavy
trucks, light-heavy trucks, light trucks and mini-trucks.
Business
Volume of Post and Telecommunications refers to the
total amount of postal and telecommunication services, expressed in value
terms, provided by the post and telecommunications departments for society.
This indicator reflects the overall results of development of postal and
telecommunication services. It can be classificated
as postal services and and telecommunication
services. Business volume of post and telecommunications is the sum of all
services in kind multiplying with the unit price (constant price) to get the
total business value.
Mobile
Telephone Subscribers refer to persons who have
gone through registration procedures in the operation points of enterprises
engaged in telecommunications and are hence connected with the mobile telephone
communication network through the mobile telephone switchboards and occupy
mobile phone numbers. Included are GSM digital mobile phone subscribers, CDMA
digital mobile phone subscribers and subscribers to intelligent phone cards
with roaming facility issued by telecommunications enterprises and which have
been subscribed to and activated at the end of the reference period.
Internet
Users refer to the number of Chinese citizens aged
6 and over who use the Internet at least for one hour each week.
Local
Telephone Subscribers refer to all subscribers who
have gone through registration procedures in the operation points of
enterprises engaged in telecommunications and are hence connected to the local
telecommunications service provider through fixed line network. Included are
general subscribers, public telephones subscribers, N-ISDN subscribers and
intelligent network terminal subscribers. They are also classified in terms of
administrative districts as urban telephone subscribers and rural telephone
subscribers according to location.
Urban
Telephone Subscribers refer to the number of
telephone subscribers, located at the different administrative districts of
municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities under the
jurisdiction of province, cities at prefecture level, downtown and suburb of
city at county level town and county towns, that are connected to the public
line telephone network, including rural mineral area, forest area, military
area.
Rural
Telephone Subscribers refer to telephone
subscribers, located at the towns below the level of county town and villages, that are connected to the public line telephone
network.
Household
Telephone Subscribers refer to telephone sets
installed in the dwelling units of urban or rural residents, and registered as
residence subscribers for payment, including three types of payment for the
service: private payment, public payment and free service in accordance with
relevant regulations.
Capacity
of Long Distance Telephone Exchanges refers to the rated capacity of telephone exchanges to connect long
distance telephone network, including capacity of international telephone
exchanges.
Capacity
of Office Telephone Exchanges refers to the
capacity (measured in gate) of telephone exchanges installed in the offices of
telecommunication service providers for communication between fixed telephones.
It includes the capacity of both manual and automatic exchanges in use and for
stand-by purpose. The capacity of subscriber exchanges is not included.
Capacity
of Mobile Telephone Exchanges refers to the
capacity of the maximum services provided to subscribers at any one time as
computed based on a certain model of calls distribution and transacting
capacity of the mobile telephone exchanges.
Broadband
Connection Terminals refer to the connection
terminals to internet users actually installed and put into operation,
including connection terminals for xDSL, connection
terminals for LAN, and other connection terminals for xDSL.
N-ISDN connection terminals are not included.