Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Gross
Output Value of Farming, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery refers to the total value of products of farming, forestry, animal
husbandry and fishery, and total value of services rendered to support farming,
forestry, animal husbandry and fishery activities. It reflects the total scale
and results of agricultural production during a given period. Prior to 1957,
Chinas gross agricultural output value included barnyard manure and handicraft
products for self consumption (clothes, shoes, stockings, and initial grain
processing undertaken by peasants). Since 1958, cutting and felling of bamboo
and trees by villages and other cooperative organizations under villages have
been included in forestry; value of barnyard manure has been excluded from
animal husbandry; self consumed handicrafts has been excluded from sideline
occupations, while the output value of industries run by villages and
cooperative organizations under village had been included in sideline
occupations and the output value of fish catches by motor fishing boats has
been added to fishery. Since 1980, the value of handicraft products made for
sale by individuals in households had been added to sideline occupations. Since
1984, industries run by villages and under villages have been included in the
sector of industry. Since 1993, the subdivision of sideline occupations has
been canceled, and the hunting of wild animals has been classified into animal
husbandry, and the gathering of wild plants and commodity industry run by rural
household have been included in farming. A new industrial classification of
economic activities was introduced in 2003. Under the new classification, value
of services to farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery is included in
the gross output value of agriculture, value of wood felling and transport is
included in forestry, value of industrial output by rural households is not
included in agriculture, and the collection of wild forest products is taken
from agriculture and included in the forestry. The first agriculture census of
Gross output value of agriculture is
obtained by first multiplying the output of each product or by product by its
price, resulting in the output value of each single item. For a small number of
products, annual output of which is not available or difficult to get due to
the long production (growing) process involved, the output value is estimated
through an indirect approach. The sum of output value of all products of
farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery is then equal to the gross
output value of agriculture.
Grain
Output refers to the total output in the whole country including grains produced
by state farms, collective units, rural households, as well as by farms
affiliated to industrial and mining enterprises and other production units.
Grain includes rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, millet and other miscellaneous grains
as well as tubers and bean. Output of beans refers to dry beans without pods.
The output of tubers (sweet potatoes, not including taros and cassava) was
converted into that of grain at the ratio 4:1, i.e. 4 kilograms of fresh tubers was equivalent to 1 kilogram of
grain up to 1963. Since 1964 the ratio for conversion has been 5:1. Tubers
supplied as vegetables (such as potatoes) are calculated as fresh vegetables
and their output is not included in the output of grain. Output of all other
grains refers to husked grain. Data on grain production before 1989 were
obtained through Comprehensive Statistical Reporting System. Since 1989, data
from sample surveys are used.
Cotton
Output refers to the cotton production in the whole country including cotton sown
in spring and in autumn. Output is measured as the weight of ginned cotton. Ceiba is not included.
Output
of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total production of oil bearing crops of various kinds,
including peanuts, (dry, in shell) rapeseeds, sesame, sunflower seeds, flax
seeds, and other oil bearing crops. Soybeans, oil bearing woody plants, and
wild oil bearing crops are not included.
Output
of Aquatic Products refers to catches of both artificially cultured and naturally grown
aquatic products, including fish, shrimps, crabs and shellfish in sea and
inland water as well as seaweed. Freshwater plants are not included.Data
on output of aquatic products are reported by aquatic
product and statistical agencies level by level. Before 1995, among the shellfish,
the oyster was counted as fresh meat; 5 kilograms of ark shell, clams and frogs
are equivalent to 1 kilogram of fresh aquatic products; they are all counted as
fresh aquatic products since 1996.
Output
of Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of slaughtered hogs, cattle, sheep and goats with head,
feet, and offal taken away. Data refers to the production of the whole country.
The first agriculture census of
Number of Livestock or Poultry in Stock at
Beginning (or End) refers to the
total number of large animals, pigs, sheep, fowls, etc. raised by rural
cooperative organizations, state farms, rural individuals, government agencies,
schools, industrial and mining enterprises, army, and urban residents at the
beginning (or end) of the reference period. Data reporting system and data
adjustment are the same as that in the output of pork, beef and mutton.
Sown
Area of Crops refers to area of land sown or transplanted with crops regardless of being
in cultivated area or non cultivated area. Area of land re sown due to natural disasters is
also included. This is an important indicator that can reflect the utilization condition
of the cultivated land in
Irrigated
Area refers to areas that are effectively irrigated, i.e. level land, which has
water source and complete sets of irrigation facilities to lift and move
adequate water for irrigation purpose under normal conditions. Under normal
conditions, irrigated area is the sum of watered fields and irrigated fields
where irrigation systems or equipment have been installed for regular
irrigation purpose. This important indicator reflects drought resistance
capacity of the cultivated land in
Consumption
of Chemical Fertilizers in Agricultu rerefers to the quantity of
chemical fertilizers applied in agriculture in the year, including nitrogenous
fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and compound fertilizer.
The consumption of chemical fertilizers is required in calculation to convert
the gross weight into weight containing 100% effective component (e.g. 100%
nitrogen content in nitrogenous fertilizer, 100% phosphorous pent oxide
contents in phosphate fertilizer, 100% potassium oxide contents in potash
fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is converted with its major component. The
formula is :
Volume of effective component=physical
quantity × effective component of certain chemical fertilizer (%)
Total
Power of Farm Machinery refers to total mechanical power of machinery used in farming, forestry,
animal husbandry, and fishery, including ploughing,
irrigation and drainage, harvesting, transport, plant protection, stock
breeding, forestry and fishery. The power of internal combustion engines is
required to convert horsepower into watts and the power of electric motors is
required to be converted into watts. Machinery employed for non agricultural
purposes, such as the machines used in township run and village run industry,
construction, non agricultural transport, scientific experiments and teaching,
is excluded. Data are mainly from agricultural machinery agencies.
Rural
Employed Persons refer to rural labor forces aged over 16
years old who are engaged in real production and management activities and
receive payment in kind or wages, including those covered within the age frame
and regularly participating in production activities, and those who are out of
the range of age frame and also participating in production activities
regularly. Excluding students studying in other places with their permanent
residence registered in local areas, servicemen and persons incapable of
working; also excluding those who are waiting for jobs and those engaged in
household work. Persons employed are classified as persons engaged in
agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry or fishery activities; persons engaged
in industrial activities; persons engaged in construction activities; persons
engaged in transport, storage and telecommunications activities; persons engaged
in whole sales and retail sales trade and catering activities; and persons
engaged in other non agriculture activities, depending upon the longest period
of employment in major activities (or using income indicator when period of
employment is the same).